Of γενεά (genea, pronounced ghen-eh-AH) Moulton & Millligan note that "The collective sense of the word—involved in its historic relation to γένος (genos, pronounced GHEN-oss and commonly used in the papyri in reference to a 'species' or a 'class of things')—is normal throughout, and survives in the Modern Greek γενιά (genia, pronounced ghen-ee-AH) which means 'race' or 'lineage'."
Vine says γενεά is "connected to γίνομαι (ginomai, pronounced GHIN-oh-my), 'to become', primarily signifies 'a begetting', or 'a birth'; hence γενεά means that which has been begotten, a family, or successive members of a genealogy (as in Matthew 1:17), or of a race of people, possessed of similar characteristics, pursuits, etc., (of a bad character)." He then adds "Or, of the whole multitude of men living at the same time, and especially those of the Jewish race living at the same period. Transferred from people to the time in which they lived, the word came to mean 'an age'."
Earle agrees with that latter (ie: 'an age') comment for he quotes Buechsel who wrote "It has the sense of 'age' or 'period'", and is so quoted in the Theological Dictionary of the New Testament.
Richards says γενεά through its plural γενεῶν "may indicate the distant past (Colossians 1:26) or endless future (Luke1:50), or it may identify a specific historic time (Acts 13:36; Hebrews 3:10). The most common NT use of γενεά is in the phrase 'this generation'. Jesus described his generation as adulterous, wicked, unbelieving, perverse, and sinful. Paul speaks of his own life among 'a crooked and depraved generation' (Philippians 2:15). This is clearly a metaphorical use, intended to characterize and classify those who heard Jesus' message and rejected Him. 'This generation' is that group of people whose hearts remained hardened to God. It is a type of people, not the totality of those alive in Jesus' day or at any other particular time."
Dr. Richards then goes on to say "Two interpretations (of Matthew 24:34; Mark 13:30; Luke 21:32) seem possible, given the way the phrase is used in the Gospels and in Acts: 1) 'This generation' in the Gospels is unbelieving Israel, Jesus' own people, who did not receive Him (John 1:11). so Jesus may be promising the preservation of the Jews as a distinct people until the time of the end foretold by the OT prophets. 2) 'This generation' as a class is unbelieving and perverse. Jesus may have been speaking of the persistence of unbelief throughout human history, until unbelief is shattered and the rebellious are judged at Jesus' appearing. Either view seems justified linguistically, theologically, and by the witness of history."
All of those authorities are among the most respected in the world in theological circles and among those who are expert in Biblical Greek. Take your pick. Or, better yet, ask the Holy Spirit to reveal the truth of the words in your life. I note that none of them relates the verse about "this generation" to the one that sees the return of Israel to its historic land and its repossession of the holy city. This is an interpretation that is derived from the study of a number of scriptures in the prophets combined with what Jesus says here. I have always hewed to this belief ... but I must be honest and admit that it is largely because the Lindseys and LaHayes and all of those popular eschatologists all teach that. I am beginning to wonder, though, whether that might be eisegesis. I do not think so. I think we are seeing the signs. But I am going to prayerfully study this entire matter again. I don't want to be wrong ... or, at least, I do not want to teach wrong.
Having said all of the above, I can safely say that Jesus will come when the Father sends Him and our job is to be so looking for his imminent arrival that we continually work faithfully in whatever field He has placed us until such time as He comes for us. It is the one who is faithful to His Master's command who will be rewarded. The unfaithful will be punished. Surely that is the clear and incontrovertible teaching of Matthew 24:42-51!
And what was His command? Proclaim the gospel and feed the sheep. In other words, be witnesses of Him (which must be in our lives not just our words) and build one another up.
Let's keep our focus where it should be.
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